Xiamen Yeyang Import & Export Co., Ltd.

Classification of decorative stone types and five characteristics of natural stone

Views: 2     Author: YEYANG STONE GROUP.     Publish Time: 2020-09-27      Origin: Xiamen Yeyang Stone Group

Classification of decorative stone types and five characteristics of natural stone


At present, the common stone materials on the market mainly include marble, granite, terrazzo, and synthetic stone. Among them, white marble is the top grade in marble; granite is harder than marble; terrazzo is made of cement, concrete and other raw materials; Crushed stone of natural stone is used as raw material, and it is made by pressure and polishing with adhesive. Because the latter two are artificially made, they are not as strong as natural stone.


Marble refers to sedimentary or metamorphic carbonate rocks, including marble, dolomite, limestone, sandstone, shale and slate. 


  1. Fire resistance 


Various types of stone are different, and some stones undergo chemical decomposition under the action of high temperature. 


(1) Gypsum: Decomposes when it is greater than 107C. 


(2) Limestone, marble: decompose when it is greater than 910c. 


(3) Granite: Cracked due to uneven heating of the constituent minerals at 600C. 


  2. Expansion and contraction 


Stone also expands with heat and shrinks with cold, but if it is heated and then cooled, its shrinkage cannot return to its original volume, but a part of it must remain as a permanent expansion; the US Armory has tested it from 00C to 1000C, and then down to 00C, and the permanent The degree of expansion increase is 0.02-0.045%. 


3. Freezing resistance 


When it reaches minus 20 degrees Celsius, freezing occurs, and the water in the pores swells 1/10 larger than the original volume. If the rock cannot resist the force of this expansion, it will be destroyed. Generally, if the water absorption is less than 0.5%, its frost resistance is not considered. 


4. Compressive strength 


The compressive strength of stone will vary due to factors such as mineral composition, crystal thickness, uniformity of the cemented material, load area, load effect and the angle formed by the cleavage. If other conditions are the same, the dense material with small crystal particles usually bonded together has higher strength. Tight volcanic rock has no difference in compressive strength after being dried and saturated with water (extremely low water absorption). If it is a porous and water-resistant cemented rock, its dry and wet strength will be significantly different.


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